Air-cooled cylinder head



Nov. 9, 1937. M. CHRISTIAN AIR-COOLED CYLINDER HEAD 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Sept. 24, 1935 M -grad Ch ris'ha Invenfor:

Patented Nov. 9, 1937 UNiTED ISTTEIS FATE FFIE Manfred Christian,

Berlin-Reinickendorf,

Germany Application September 24, 1935, Serial No. 41,855 i In Germany July 16, 1934 3 Claims.

This invention relates to air-cooling for internal combustion engines with a series of cylinders disposed one behind the other.

In cooling devices for such engines, roof-shaped walls of the cylinder head with ribs standing approximately vertically thereon are known, but the valve chambers seen from the direction of the run of the ribs lie side by side.

Now in accordance with the present invention the middle plane of the valve chambers and the intake and exhaust connections of a. cylinder head lies transversely to the cylinder series, and the cone-like or roof-like cylinder head as well as the valve chambers have transverse cooling ribs preferably parallel and standing perpendicular or nearly perpendicular to the walls of the cylinder head. This arrangement makes it possible to provide a considerably larger cooling surface on the cylinder head, especially also in the region between adjacent heads. The heat passes into the cooling ribs by conduction directly along the nearest path and the cooling is extremely eflicient, even in the parts ofiering difliculties in previous constructions. By this means the performance of the motor can be considerably increased.

A further advantageous construction results if the cooling ribs are shortened near the transverse edge of the cylinder head. Th cylinders can then be fitted very closely to one another while maintaining a sufiicient cooling rib surface.

In a further form of construction a protective casing for the regulating camshaft, disposed between the inclined surfaces of two cylinder heads, is so adjusted to the run of the outer rib edges, that it forms a channel which compulsorily leads the cooling air between the ribs.

Two forms of device made in accordance with the invention are illustrated in the drawings, 40 wherein:

Figs. 1 and 2 are respectively a longitudinal section along the line AB of Fig. 2 and a plan view of the new construction,

Fig. 3 is a transverse section showing the pipe connections, and

Figs. 4 and 5 are respectively a longitudinal section and a side View, partially in section, of a further form of the construction.

As illustrated in Figs. 1 to 3 two adjacent cylinders have their combustion chambers 8 closed by roof-shaped (or conical or dome-like) inclined walls 9, It, and every pair of valves lies transversely to the series of cylinders. The roof shape extends downwards as far as the connection of the cylinder head with the cylinder. The cooling ribs ll on both sides stand perpendicular to the roof shape and inclined to the cylinder axis. The valve chambers l2, [3 are connected together by ribs i l which conduct heat and at the same time increase the strength of the head. The heads terminate in fastening flanges l5, it for the intake and exhaust pipes. The cooling air is directed transversely of the cylinder series between the cylinders and the heads as indicated by the arrow in Fig. 2, the special position of the valve chambers favouring this flow.

As illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5 a cam shaft casing I1 is fastened over the valve chambers on similar cylinder heads. The lower casing wall covers the cooling ribs between the cylinder heads, so that the cooling ribs lie in a channel which is formed by the walls of this casing, the inclined walls of the cylinder heads and the valve chambers. In the casing I! lie a cam shaft l9 and rocking levers 22, 23 pivoted on pins 29, 2| which move the valves in a known manner as can easily be seen. The cylindrical spring seating members 24 are fastened to the valve casings, and are pro vided with cooling ribs. The members 24 carry the casing H, which, however, is rigidly attached to only two of valve chambers of a single cylinder head and is yieldingly kept at the remaining fastening places, to allow for heat expansion. The casing H has openings closed by lids 25 for adjusting and repairing the valves.

The short, transversely disposed cam shaft l9 (Fig. 5) has bearings in the casing on both sides and is driven by bevel gears and a vertical shaft 29 coming from the motor casing. These gears are enclosed in an oil tight manner in divided casings 21, 28 and the vertical shaft is enclosed in a tube 30. The tube 30 divides the air current coming in the direction of the arrow between the cylinders and the cylinder heads in such a way that the emerging air sweeps both cylinders. It can also be used for fastening the usual angle shaped air-guiding sheets.

The short cam shafts l9, each governing two adjacent cylinders, can be driven individually by vertical shafts for which a common driving shaft is provided suitably in the crank case parallel to the crank shaft, or a common driving shaft in the plane of the axes of the cam shafts l9 may be provided to drive the cam shafts. The division of the cam shaft into' several transversely lying cam shafts does away with all difficulties perposed parallel planes having their longitudinal axes parallel to said'ridge.

2. In an air-cooled engine, a series' of two adjacent cylinders, each cylinder having a cylinder head of roof-like shape whose walls converge upwardly toward a ridge transverse to the cyli n der series, valve chambers arranged along each ridge, valve-controlling mechanism arranged transversely between said cylinder heads, 7 a,

trough-like protective casing for said mechanism enclosing a cooling space with said converging walls, and cooling ribs projecting perpendicularly from said converging walls and arranged in su- 7 perposed parallel planes having their longitudi nal axes parallel to said ridge, the lower ribs being ofrsuccessively shorter lengths with their edges in close proximity to the edges of the cor-' responding ribs on the adjacent cylinder head and the upper ribs terminating at said troughlike casing. I

3. In an air cooled engine a series of adjacent cylinders, each cylinder having a cylinder head of roof-like shape whose walls converge upwardly towards a ridge transverse to the cylinder series, valve chambers and pipe connections arranged along said ridge, cooling ribs having the longitudinal axis of their planes parallel to said ridge, the ribs near the lower edges of the cylinder heads being shortened so. that the cylinders canbe placed in close proximity to one another, and a protective casing 'for a governing gear disposed between the inclined walls of adjacent cylinder heads and so fitted to the outer rib edges that it forms a channel for guiding the cooling air between the ribs. 7

' MANF'RED CHRISTIAN. 

